George DAWE

A Negro Overpowering a Buffalo - a fact which occurred in America in 1809, 1810

Oil on canvas
203.8 X 204.5 cm

The Menil Collection, Houston

Two black beings - one human, one animal - struggle with each other to gain control.
Imagine the feat of strength displayed by this black man, who savagely, primitively, extra-ordinarily overpowers a live bull with the sheer strength of his bare hands.

The capturing of this event, posed as fact in a simple landscape, reflects many of the key ideologies that Europeans had about African's and their innate capabilities, and as we look at the petrified, bloodshot eyes of the bull, the audience’s fears are confirmed.

The model used for this painting, was a black sailor from Boston named "Wilson", or "Sammons" in the memoirs of his most admiring artist, Benjamin Robert Haydon.
Haydon drew over thirty life drawings of Wilson, and even took as cast of his body, which he believed was:

"...a perfect model of beauty and activity - small body & large limbs, with small joints - his contour was undulating and nature suffered nothing to interrupt this beauty in any position." (The Autobiography and memoirs of Benjamin Robert Haydon, Tom Taylor ed. 1926)

Wilson's prized physique was discovered at a time when Britain was reacquainting itself with the idealised masculine body. The Elgin marbles had just been freshly unpacked from Greece, and Haydon himself got his first viewing in 1808. The fascination with the classical, muscular and godly body of Greek antiquity was consequently projected onto Wilson's.

Wilson was well looked after, and generous patrons paid for his food and accommodation.

Although the painting was offered at a premium of two hundred pounds to the British Institution in 1811, it did not spark the interest or enthusiasm commonly associated with abolitionist works. Since the painting did not explicitly reflect the victimisation of blacks, or properly depict a historical or allegorical event it was, for a long time, forgotten.